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{{Infobox City| official_name = Eindhoven | province=North Brabant| subdivision_type1 = Province| subdivision_name1 = [North Brabant, [2007, Statline.| settlement_type = Municipality| population_total = 209716| population_density_km2 = 2377| population_urban = 440353| population_metro = 775345| leader_title = Mayor| leader_name = G.Braks| leader_party = [CDA| utc_offset = +1| timezone_DST = [Central European Summer Time| utc_offset_DST = +2| website = http://www.eindhoven.eu/-->. buildings, with the south wing of the Witte Dame multifunctional centre (left)..
Eindhoven () is a municipality and a city located in the province of
Noord-Brabant in the south of the
Netherlands, originally at the
Confluence (geography) of the
Dommel and Gender (creek)
brooks. The
Gender (creek) was dammed off in the post-
World War II years, but the
Dommel still runs through the city.
Neighbouring cities and towns include
Son en Breugel, Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten, Geldrop-Mierlo,
Waalre, Veldhoven,
Oirschot and
Best. The agglomeration has some 440,000 inhabitants. The metropolitan area (which includes
Helmond) has nearly 750,000 inhabitants. Also, Eindhoven is part of Brabantse Stedenrij, a metropolitan area with more than 2 million inhabitants.
History
The written history of Eindhoven started in
1232, when Duke Henry I, Duke of Brabant granted City rights in the Netherlands to
Endehoven, then a small town right on the confluence of the Dommel and Gender streams. The city's name translates literally as "End Yards", reflecting its position at the southern end of
Woensel. At the time of granting of its
royal charter, Eindhoven had approximately 170 houses enclosed by a
Defensive wall. Just outside of the city walls stood a small castle. The city was also granted the right to organize a weekly market and the farmers in nearby villages were obliged to come to Eindhoven to sell their produce. Another factor in its establishment was its location on the trade route from Holland to Liège (city).
Around
1388 the city's fortifications were strengthened further. And between 1413 and 1420, a new castle was built within the city walls. In 1486, Eindhoven was plundered and burned by troops from
Gelderland. The reconstruction was finished in
1502, with a stronger rampart and a new castle. However, in
1543 Eindhoven falls again: its defense works were neglected due to poverty.
A big fire in 1554 destroyed 75% of the houses but by 1560 these had been rebuilt with the help of
William I of Orange. During the
Dutch Revolt, Eindhoven changed hands between the Dutch and the Spain several times, until finally in
1583 it was captured by Spanish troops and its city walls demolished. Eindhoven did not become part of the Netherlands until 1629.
The
industrial revolution of the
Nineteenth Century provided a major growth impulse. Canals, roads and railroads were constructed. Eindhoven was connected to the major Zuid-Willemsvaart canal through the Eindhovens Kanaal branch in 1843 and was connected by rail to
Tilburg,
's-Hertogenbosch, Venlo and Belgium between
1866 and
1870. Industrial activities initially centred around tobacco and textile and boomed with the rise of
lighting and
electronics giant
Philips, which was founded as a
light bulb manufacturing company in Eindhoven in 1891.
The explosive growth of industry in the region and the subsequent housing needs of workers called for radical changes in administration, as the City of Eindhoven was still confined to its Middle Ages moat city limits. In
1920, the five neighbouring municipality of
Woensel (to the north),
Tongelre (northeast and east), Stratum (southeast), Gestel en Blaarthem (southwest) and Strijp (west), which already bore the brunt of the housing needs and related problems, were incorporated into the new Groot-Eindhoven ("Greater Eindhoven") municipality. The prefix "Groot-" was later dropped.
The early
twentieth Century saw additions in technical industry with the advent of car and
truck manufacturing company DAF Trucks (DAF) and the subsequent shift towards electronics and engineering, with the traditional tobacco and textile industries waning and finally disappearing in the Seventies.
Large-scale
air raids in
World War II (including the preliminary bombing during Operation Market Garden to aid the paratroopers in securing the bridges in and around the town) destroyed large parts of the city. The reconstruction that followed left very little historical remains and the post-war reconstruction period saw drastic renovation plans in
highrise style, some of which were implemented. At the time, there was little regard for historical Cultural heritage; in the Sixties, a new
city hall was built and its neo-gothic predecessor (1867) demolished to make way for a planned
arterial road that never materialised.
The Seventies, Eighties and
Nineties saw large-scale housing developments in the districts of Woensel-Zuid and Woensel-Noord, making Eindhoven the fifth-largest city in the Netherlands.
Geography
The villages and city that make up modern Eindhoven were originally built on sandy elevations between the Dommel, Gender and
Tongelreep streams. Starting from the Nineteenth Century, the sedimentary basins of the streams themselves have also been used as housing grounds, leading to occasional floodings in the city centre. Partly to reduce flooding, the Gender stream, which flowed straight through the city centre, was dammed off and filled up after the War, and the course of the Dommel was regulated. New ecology and socio-historical insights have led to parts of the Dommel's course being restored to their original states, and plans to have the Gender flow through the centre once again ( link to article in Dutch).
The large-scale housing developments of the Twentieth Century saw residential areas being built on former agriculture and forest, former
heath (habitat) that had been turned into cultivable lands in the Nineteenth Century.
Demographics
As of 2006, the population of Eindhoven consisted of 209,179 persons. Of these, 26.5% or some 55,400 people are of foreign descent Eindhoven Population Municipality of Eindhoven.
Accessed 26 January 2007 . People are classified as being of foreign descent when they were born outside of the Netherlands, or when at least one of their parents was born outside of the Netherlands.
Large minority groups include:
- Turkish people (9,420) (4.50%)
- Moroccans (5,161) (2.47%)
- Surinamese (3,610) (1.73%)
- Netherlands Antilles/Arubans (2,325) (1.11%)
Other large minority groups are
Germans and Indonesians.
Economy
Eindhoven has grown from a little village in 1232 to one of the bigger cities in the Netherlands with around 210,000 inhabitants in 2006. Much of its growth is due to
Philips and
DAF Trucks.
In 1891, brothers Gerard and Anton Philips founded the small light bulb factory that would grow into one of the largest electronics firms in the world. Philips' presence is probably the largest single contributing factor to the major growth of Eindhoven in the 20th century. It attracted and spun off many hi-tech companies, making Eindhoven a major technology and industrial hub. In
2005, a full third of the total amount of money spent on research in the Netherlands was spent in or around Eindhoven. A quarter of the jobs in the region are in
technology and
Information and Communications Technology, with companies such as FEI Company (once Philips Electron Optics), NXP Semiconductors,
ASML, Toolex,
Simac,
Neways, Atos Origin and the aforementioned Philips and DAF.
Prime examples of industrial heritage in Eindhoven are the renovated Witte Dame (
"White Lady") complex, a former Philips lamp factory; and the Admirant building (informally known as Bruine Heer or
"Brown Gentleman" in reference to the Witte Dame across the street), the former Philips main offices. The Witte Dame currently houses the municipal
library, the
Design Academy and a selection of shops. The Admirant has been renovated into an office building for small companies. Across the street from the Witte Dame and next to the Admirant is Philips' first light bulb factory (nicknamed Roze Baby, or
"Pink Baby", in reference to its much smaller size when compared to the "White Lady" and "Brown Gentleman"). The small building now houses the Philips company museum.
Administration and population
After the incorporation of 1920, the five former municipalities became districts of the Municipality of Eindhoven, with Eindhoven-Centrum (the City proper) forming the sixth. Since then, an additional seventh district has been formed by dividing the largest district, that of Woensel, into Woensel-Zuid and Woensel-Noord.
At the turn of the century, a whole new housing development called
Meerhoven was constructed at the site of the old airport of Welschap, west of Eindhoven. The airport itself, now called
Eindhoven Airport, had moved earlier to a new location, paving the way for much needed new houses. Meerhoven is part of the Strijp district and partially lies on lands annexed from the municipality of
Veldhoven.
Of all Eindhoven districts, the historical centre is by far the smallest in size and population, numbering only 5,419 in
2006.
According to the Eindhoven City Council, the city will reach the maximum population of 230,000 inhabitants around the year 2025.
Population figures for all districts, as of January 1 2006, ranked by size:
Woensel-Noord (64,575)
Woensel-Zuid (35,361)
Stratum (31,782)
Gestel (26,694)
Strijp (24,783)
Tongelre (19,565)
Centrum (5,419)
Government and politics
After the municipal elections on March 7 2006, the division of the 45 seats in the Eindhoven city council was as follows:
In April 2006 a coalition was formed between
PvdA, Socialistische Partij and Christen-Democratisch Appèl. Together they have 27 seats in the city council.
Culture
The students from the
Eindhoven University of Technology and a number of undergraduate schools give Eindhoven a young population.
Eindhoven has a lively cultural scene. For going out, there are numerous bars on the Market square, Stratumseind (Stratum's End), Dommelstraat, Wilhelmina square and throughout the rest of the city.
The biggest festivals in Eindhoven are:
- ABlive, popfestival (September)
- Carnaval, (February)
- Koninginnedag, national day (30 April)
- EDIT, festival (June)
- Fiesta del Sol, street- and music acts (June)
- UCI ProTour - Eindhoven Team Time Trial, international cycling tour (June)
- Virus Festival, alternative music festival (last edition in 2005, inactive at the moment) (June)
- Park Hilaria, fun fair (August)
- Folkwoods, folk festival (August)
- Reggae Sundance, reggae festival (August)
- Jazz in Lighttown, jazz festival (August)
- Lichtjesroute, 15-miles tour of light-ornaments, commemorating the liberation of Eindhoven (from 18 September)
- Marathon (sport), (October)
- Dutch Design Week, international design festival (October)
- STRP Festival, art & technology festival (23-25 Nov 2007)
The Van Abbemuseum has a collection of modern and contemporary art, including works by Picasso and Chagall.
The
Effenaar is a popular music venue and cultural center in Eindhoven, it's located at the Dommelstraat.
Eindhoven was home to the
Evoluon science museum, sponsored by
Philips. The Evoluon building is currently used as a conference centre.
In 1992 the Muziekcentrum Frits Philips was opened as a stage for classical and popular music in Eindhoven, received by critics as a concert hall with acoustics that rival the best halls in Europe.
Parktheater Eindhoven is Eindhoven's stage for opera, cabaret, ballet etc. Opening its doors in 1964, it has received over 250,000 visitors every year. With its 1000 m2 it has one of the largest stages in the Netherlands. With a major renovation ending in 2007, the new Parktheater will receive an estimated 300,000 visitors a year.
During Carnival, Eindhoven is rechristened Lampegat (Lamp Hole).
Eindhoven's Plaza Futura, a former porno theater, is nowadays a cinema featuring cultural movies, lectures and special cultural events.
Transportation
Eindhoven is a
rail transport node with connections in the directions of:
Up until
World War II, a train service connected Amsterdam to Liège (city) via Eindhoven and
Valkenswaard, but the service was discontinued and the line broken up. Recently, talks have resumed to have a service to
Neerpelt, Belgium via Weert.
Located approximately 8 kilometres from the town centre,
Eindhoven Airport is the closest airport nearby. There are flights with
KLM Cityhopper to London
Heathrow, and Ryanair serves London Stansted Airport airport,
Dublin,
Rome, Milan, Pisa,
Marseille, Glasgow, Madrid, Shannon, Stockholm and Barcelona.
Air France also has 3 return from
Paris to Eindhoven on weekdays. In the summerseason, Reykjavík is served with 2 weekly flights operated by Iceland Express.
The A2/E25 highway from
Amsterdam to Luxemburg passes Eindhoven to the west and south of the city. The A2 connects to the highway A58 to
Tilburg and Breda (Netherlands) just north of the city. Just south of Eindhoven, the A2 connects to the A67/E34 between
Antwerp and Duisburg. In 2006, the A50 was completed connecting Eindhoven to Nijmegen and
Zwolle.
Sports
- PSV Eindhoven is the major football (soccer) club in the city. Playing in the Philips Stadion it is the dominant club in the Dutch highest league, named Eredivisie. PSV won the national title a total of 20 times. Recent successes include the 2000, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2006 and 2007 national titles, finishing second in the league in 2002 and 2004. In international football, PSV were the 1988 winners of the European Cup (Champions League), the highest achievement in European club football.
- Eindhoven is the place where three-time Olympic swimming champion Pieter van den Hoogenband trains on a daily basis. He does so in the renovated swimming complex De Tongelreep under the guidance of his long-time coach and friend Jacco Verhaeren.
- Eindhoven houses Europe's largest indoor skateboardpark and is home of a lively skateboardculture.
- Eindhoven has two boxing clubs, The Golden Gloves and Muscle Fit.
- Eindhoven hosted the 1999 World Table Tennis Championships.
Notable residents
- Jan van Hooff (1755–1816), statesman
- Gerard Philips (1858–1942) and Anton Philips (1874–1951), founders of the Philips
- Frits Philips (1905-2005), businessman, grandchild of Anton Philips
- Hugo Brandt Corstius (1935), writer
- Peter Koelewijn (1940), musician and record producer
- Jan de Bont (1943), film director
- Jan Borren (1947), field hockey player and coach
- Arthur Borren (1949), (field) hockey player
- Lenny Kuhr (1950), singer
- Tineke Bartels (1951), Equestrianism
- François van Kruijsdijk (1952), swimming
- Bas Rutten (1965), Mixed martial arts sportsman, color commentator, actor
- Paul Haarhuis (1966), tennis player
- Rik Smits (1966), basketball player
- Theo Maassen (1966), comedian and actor
- Patrick Lodewijks (1967), football (soccer) (soccer) goalkeeper
- Phillip Cocu (1970), football (soccer) player
- Margje Teeuwen (1974), (field) hockey midfielder
- Imke Bartels (1977), equestrian
- Tim Jansma (1977), amateur musician
- Christijan Albers (1979), Formula 1
- Lonneke Engel (1981), fashion model
- Rob Reckers (1981), (field) hockey player
- Cor Vriend (1949), athletics (track and field), on the time manager for long-distance runner
- Klaas-Erik Zwering (1981), swimmer
- Wieger van Wageningen (1983), professional skateboarder
- Rick VandenHurk (1985), professional baseball player
Roman Skeleton
The largest skeleton of a Roman soldier ever found was unearthed near Eindhoven in 1982. Measuring 196 centimeters, the skeleton was found in the basement of a destroyed tavern from the fourth century AD.
See also
References
External links
- The official international site of the city of Eindhoven
- The city of Eindhoven on the Internet
- InternetGemeentegids Eindhoven over 1450 links
- Website of the local rockscene, Eindhoven Rockcity
- Eindhoven-in-Beeld
- Regional Historical Centre RHC-eindhoven
- A photo history of Eindhoven
- Eindhoven's history in 8 maps and 1 section - Urbanism and city development
- Eindhoven early 20th century photography - Photos of streets and buildings from a while ago
- The Van Abbe Museum of Modern Art
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- Eindhoven-eertijds.tk
- The City Stage-Park Theater
- The Concert Hall
- International Education in Eindhoven
{{Infobox City| official_name = Eindhoven | province=
North Brabant| subdivision_type1 = Province| subdivision_name1 = [North Brabant, [2007, Statline.| settlement_type = Municipality| population_total = 209716| population_density_km2 = 2377| population_urban = 440353| population_metro = 775345| leader_title = Mayor| leader_name = G.Braks| leader_party = [CDA| utc_offset = +1| timezone_DST = [Central European Summer Time| utc_offset_DST = +2| website = http://www.eindhoven.eu/-->. buildings, with the south wing of the Witte Dame multifunctional centre (left)..
Eindhoven () is a municipality and a city located in the province of Noord-Brabant in the south of the Netherlands, originally at the
Confluence (geography) of the Dommel and Gender (creek)
brooks. The Gender (creek) was dammed off in the post-
World War II years, but the
Dommel still runs through the city.
Neighbouring cities and towns include Son en Breugel,
Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten, Geldrop-Mierlo, Waalre,
Veldhoven, Oirschot and
Best. The agglomeration has some 440,000 inhabitants. The metropolitan area (which includes Helmond) has nearly 750,000 inhabitants. Also, Eindhoven is part of
Brabantse Stedenrij, a metropolitan area with more than 2 million inhabitants.
History
The written history of Eindhoven started in 1232, when Duke
Henry I, Duke of Brabant granted City rights in the Netherlands to
Endehoven, then a small town right on the confluence of the Dommel and Gender streams. The city's name translates literally as "End Yards", reflecting its position at the southern end of
Woensel. At the time of granting of its royal charter, Eindhoven had approximately 170 houses enclosed by a Defensive wall. Just outside of the city walls stood a small castle. The city was also granted the right to organize a weekly market and the farmers in nearby villages were obliged to come to Eindhoven to sell their produce. Another factor in its establishment was its location on the trade route from Holland to Liège (city).
Around 1388 the city's fortifications were strengthened further. And between 1413 and 1420, a new castle was built within the city walls. In
1486, Eindhoven was plundered and burned by troops from
Gelderland. The reconstruction was finished in
1502, with a stronger rampart and a new castle. However, in 1543 Eindhoven falls again: its defense works were neglected due to poverty.
A big fire in 1554 destroyed 75% of the houses but by 1560 these had been rebuilt with the help of
William I of Orange. During the Dutch Revolt, Eindhoven changed hands between the Dutch and the
Spain several times, until finally in
1583 it was captured by Spanish troops and its city walls demolished. Eindhoven did not become part of the Netherlands until 1629.
The
industrial revolution of the Nineteenth Century provided a major growth impulse. Canals, roads and railroads were constructed. Eindhoven was connected to the major Zuid-Willemsvaart canal through the
Eindhovens Kanaal branch in 1843 and was connected by rail to
Tilburg, 's-Hertogenbosch, Venlo and Belgium between 1866 and
1870. Industrial activities initially centred around tobacco and
textile and boomed with the rise of lighting and electronics giant
Philips, which was founded as a light bulb manufacturing company in Eindhoven in
1891.
The explosive growth of industry in the region and the subsequent housing needs of workers called for radical changes in administration, as the City of Eindhoven was still confined to its Middle Ages
moat city limits. In 1920, the five neighbouring municipality of Woensel (to the north),
Tongelre (northeast and east), Stratum (southeast),
Gestel en Blaarthem (southwest) and Strijp (west), which already bore the brunt of the housing needs and related problems, were incorporated into the new Groot-Eindhoven ("Greater Eindhoven") municipality. The prefix "Groot-" was later dropped.
The early
twentieth Century saw additions in technical industry with the advent of car and truck manufacturing company DAF Trucks (DAF) and the subsequent shift towards electronics and engineering, with the traditional tobacco and textile industries waning and finally disappearing in the
Seventies.
Large-scale air raids in World War II (including the preliminary bombing during
Operation Market Garden to aid the paratroopers in securing the bridges in and around the town) destroyed large parts of the city. The reconstruction that followed left very little historical remains and the post-war reconstruction period saw drastic renovation plans in
highrise style, some of which were implemented. At the time, there was little regard for historical Cultural heritage; in the Sixties, a new city hall was built and its neo-gothic predecessor (1867) demolished to make way for a planned
arterial road that never materialised.
The Seventies, Eighties and
Nineties saw large-scale housing developments in the districts of Woensel-Zuid and Woensel-Noord, making Eindhoven the fifth-largest city in the Netherlands.
Geography
The villages and city that make up modern Eindhoven were originally built on sandy elevations between the Dommel, Gender and
Tongelreep streams. Starting from the Nineteenth Century, the sedimentary basins of the streams themselves have also been used as housing grounds, leading to occasional floodings in the city centre. Partly to reduce flooding, the Gender stream, which flowed straight through the city centre, was dammed off and filled up after the War, and the course of the Dommel was regulated. New
ecology and socio-historical insights have led to parts of the Dommel's course being restored to their original states, and plans to have the Gender flow through the centre once again ( link to article in Dutch).
The large-scale housing developments of the Twentieth Century saw residential areas being built on former
agriculture and forest, former
heath (habitat) that had been turned into cultivable lands in the Nineteenth Century.
Demographics
As of 2006, the population of Eindhoven consisted of 209,179 persons. Of these, 26.5% or some 55,400 people are of foreign descent Eindhoven Population Municipality of Eindhoven.
Accessed 26 January 2007 . People are classified as being of foreign descent when they were born outside of the Netherlands, or when at least one of their parents was born outside of the Netherlands.
Large minority groups include:
- Turkish people (9,420) (4.50%)
- Moroccans (5,161) (2.47%)
- Surinamese (3,610) (1.73%)
- Netherlands Antilles/Arubans (2,325) (1.11%)
Other large minority groups are
Germans and Indonesians.
Economy
Eindhoven has grown from a little village in 1232 to one of the bigger cities in the Netherlands with around 210,000 inhabitants in 2006. Much of its growth is due to Philips and
DAF Trucks.
In
1891, brothers Gerard and
Anton Philips founded the small light bulb factory that would grow into one of the largest electronics firms in the world.
Philips' presence is probably the largest single contributing factor to the major growth of Eindhoven in the 20th century. It attracted and spun off many hi-tech companies, making Eindhoven a major technology and industrial hub. In 2005, a full third of the total amount of money spent on research in the Netherlands was spent in or around Eindhoven. A quarter of the jobs in the region are in
technology and Information and Communications Technology, with companies such as FEI Company (once Philips Electron Optics), NXP Semiconductors, ASML, Toolex,
Simac,
Neways,
Atos Origin and the aforementioned Philips and DAF.
Prime examples of industrial heritage in Eindhoven are the renovated Witte Dame (
"White Lady") complex, a former Philips lamp factory; and the Admirant building (informally known as Bruine Heer or
"Brown Gentleman" in reference to the Witte Dame across the street), the former Philips main offices. The Witte Dame currently houses the municipal
library, the Design Academy and a selection of shops. The Admirant has been renovated into an office building for small companies. Across the street from the Witte Dame and next to the Admirant is Philips' first light bulb factory (nicknamed Roze Baby, or
"Pink Baby", in reference to its much smaller size when compared to the "White Lady" and "Brown Gentleman"). The small building now houses the Philips company museum.
Administration and population
After the incorporation of 1920, the five former municipalities became districts of the Municipality of Eindhoven, with Eindhoven-Centrum (the City proper) forming the sixth. Since then, an additional seventh district has been formed by dividing the largest district, that of Woensel, into Woensel-Zuid and Woensel-Noord.
At the turn of the century, a whole new housing development called
Meerhoven was constructed at the site of the old airport of Welschap, west of Eindhoven. The airport itself, now called
Eindhoven Airport, had moved earlier to a new location, paving the way for much needed new houses. Meerhoven is part of the Strijp district and partially lies on lands annexed from the municipality of Veldhoven.
Of all Eindhoven districts, the historical centre is by far the smallest in size and population, numbering only 5,419 in 2006.
According to the Eindhoven City Council, the city will reach the maximum population of 230,000 inhabitants around the year 2025.
Population figures for all districts, as of January 1 2006, ranked by size:
Woensel-Noord (64,575)
Woensel-Zuid (35,361)
Stratum (31,782)
Gestel (26,694)
Strijp (24,783)
Tongelre (19,565)
Centrum (5,419)
Government and politics
After the municipal elections on March 7
2006, the division of the 45 seats in the Eindhoven city council was as follows:
In April 2006 a coalition was formed between PvdA,
Socialistische Partij and
Christen-Democratisch Appèl. Together they have 27 seats in the city council.
Culture
The students from the
Eindhoven University of Technology and a number of undergraduate schools give Eindhoven a young population.
Eindhoven has a lively cultural scene. For going out, there are numerous bars on the Market square, Stratumseind (Stratum's End), Dommelstraat, Wilhelmina square and throughout the rest of the city.
The biggest festivals in Eindhoven are:
- ABlive, popfestival (September)
- Carnaval, (February)
- Koninginnedag, national day (30 April)
- EDIT, festival (June)
- Fiesta del Sol, street- and music acts (June)
- UCI ProTour - Eindhoven Team Time Trial, international cycling tour (June)
- Virus Festival, alternative music festival (last edition in 2005, inactive at the moment) (June)
- Park Hilaria, fun fair (August)
- Folkwoods, folk festival (August)
- Reggae Sundance, reggae festival (August)
- Jazz in Lighttown, jazz festival (August)
- Lichtjesroute, 15-miles tour of light-ornaments, commemorating the liberation of Eindhoven (from 18 September)
- Marathon (sport), (October)
- Dutch Design Week, international design festival (October)
- STRP Festival, art & technology festival (23-25 Nov 2007)
The
Van Abbemuseum has a collection of modern and contemporary art, including works by
Picasso and
Chagall.
The
Effenaar is a popular music venue and cultural center in Eindhoven, it's located at the Dommelstraat.
Eindhoven was home to the Evoluon science museum, sponsored by Philips. The Evoluon building is currently used as a conference centre.
In 1992 the Muziekcentrum Frits Philips was opened as a stage for classical and popular music in Eindhoven, received by critics as a concert hall with acoustics that rival the best halls in Europe.
Parktheater Eindhoven is Eindhoven's stage for opera, cabaret, ballet etc. Opening its doors in 1964, it has received over 250,000 visitors every year. With its 1000 m2 it has one of the largest stages in the Netherlands. With a major renovation ending in 2007, the new Parktheater will receive an estimated 300,000 visitors a year.
During
Carnival, Eindhoven is rechristened Lampegat (Lamp Hole).
Eindhoven's Plaza Futura, a former porno theater, is nowadays a cinema featuring cultural movies, lectures and special cultural events.
Transportation
Eindhoven is a
rail transport node with connections in the directions of:
Up until
World War II, a train service connected Amsterdam to Liège (city) via Eindhoven and
Valkenswaard, but the service was discontinued and the line broken up. Recently, talks have resumed to have a service to
Neerpelt,
Belgium via Weert.
Located approximately 8 kilometres from the town centre, Eindhoven Airport is the closest airport nearby. There are flights with KLM Cityhopper to
London Heathrow, and
Ryanair serves
London Stansted Airport airport, Dublin,
Rome, Milan,
Pisa, Marseille, Glasgow, Madrid, Shannon,
Stockholm and
Barcelona.
Air France also has 3 return from Paris to Eindhoven on weekdays. In the summerseason, Reykjavík is served with 2 weekly flights operated by Iceland Express.
The A2/E25 highway from
Amsterdam to Luxemburg passes Eindhoven to the west and south of the city. The A2 connects to the highway A58 to Tilburg and Breda (Netherlands) just north of the city. Just south of Eindhoven, the A2 connects to the A67/E34 between
Antwerp and Duisburg. In 2006, the A50 was completed connecting Eindhoven to Nijmegen and Zwolle.
Sports
- PSV Eindhoven is the major football (soccer) club in the city. Playing in the Philips Stadion it is the dominant club in the Dutch highest league, named Eredivisie. PSV won the national title a total of 20 times. Recent successes include the 2000, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2006 and 2007 national titles, finishing second in the league in 2002 and 2004. In international football, PSV were the 1988 winners of the European Cup (Champions League), the highest achievement in European club football.
- The second professional club is FC Eindhoven, which competes in the second league (Eerste Divisie).
- In field hockey the city has three major clubs, Oranje Zwart, EMHC and HC Eindhoven with Oranje Zwart as the most prominent one.
- Eindhoven is the place where three-time Olympic swimming champion Pieter van den Hoogenband trains on a daily basis. He does so in the renovated swimming complex De Tongelreep under the guidance of his long-time coach and friend Jacco Verhaeren.
- Eindhoven houses Europe's largest indoor skateboardpark and is home of a lively skateboardculture.
- Eindhoven has two boxing clubs, The Golden Gloves and Muscle Fit.
- Eindhoven hosted the 1999 World Table Tennis Championships.
Notable residents
- Jan van Hooff (1755–1816), statesman
- Gerard Philips (1858–1942) and Anton Philips (1874–1951), founders of the Philips
- Frits Philips (1905-2005), businessman, grandchild of Anton Philips
- Hugo Brandt Corstius (1935), writer
- Peter Koelewijn (1940), musician and record producer
- Jan de Bont (1943), film director
- Jan Borren (1947), field hockey player and coach
- Arthur Borren (1949), (field) hockey player
- Lenny Kuhr (1950), singer
- Tineke Bartels (1951), Equestrianism
- François van Kruijsdijk (1952), swimming
- Bas Rutten (1965), Mixed martial arts sportsman, color commentator, actor
- Paul Haarhuis (1966), tennis player
- Rik Smits (1966), basketball player
- Theo Maassen (1966), comedian and actor
- Patrick Lodewijks (1967), football (soccer) (soccer) goalkeeper
- Phillip Cocu (1970), football (soccer) player
- Margje Teeuwen (1974), (field) hockey midfielder
- Imke Bartels (1977), equestrian
- Tim Jansma (1977), amateur musician
- Christijan Albers (1979), Formula 1
- Lonneke Engel (1981), fashion model
- Rob Reckers (1981), (field) hockey player
- Cor Vriend (1949), athletics (track and field), on the time manager for long-distance runner
- Klaas-Erik Zwering (1981), swimmer
- Wieger van Wageningen (1983), professional skateboarder
- Rick VandenHurk (1985), professional baseball player
Roman Skeleton
The largest skeleton of a Roman soldier ever found was unearthed near Eindhoven in
1982. Measuring 196 centimeters, the skeleton was found in the basement of a destroyed tavern from the fourth century AD.
See also
References
External links
- The official international site of the city of Eindhoven
- The city of Eindhoven on the Internet
- InternetGemeentegids Eindhoven over 1450 links
- Website of the local rockscene, Eindhoven Rockcity
- Eindhoven-in-Beeld
- Regional Historical Centre RHC-eindhoven
- A photo history of Eindhoven
- Eindhoven's history in 8 maps and 1 section - Urbanism and city development
- Eindhoven early 20th century photography - Photos of streets and buildings from a while ago
- The Van Abbe Museum of Modern Art
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- Eindhoven-eertijds.tk
- The City Stage-Park Theater
- The Concert Hall
- International Education in Eindhoven
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